Longitudinal Assessment References
Due to copyright restrictions, the AOBNP cannot provide most reference materials used for longitudinal assessment. However, a list of references used for the current longitudinal assessment can be found below. A hyperlink to PubMed for each article is provided.
2026 REFERENCES
Neurology
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 11th ed. (2019); Ch. 18; pg. 430-431.
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 11th ed. (2019); Ch. 2; pg. 16.
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 11th ed. (2019); Ch. 31; pg. 728.
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 11th ed. (2019); Ch. 46; pg. 1471.
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 11th ed. (2019); Ch. 46; pg. 1481,
- American Journal of Roentgenology (Jul 2022); Vol. 219, Issue 1; Paramagnetic rim lesions in multiple sclerosis: comparison of visualization at 1.5-T and 3-T MRI; pg. 120-131.
- Clinical Medicine (Jul 2020); Vol. 20, Issue 4; Update on the diagnosis and management of autoimmune encephalitis; pg. 389-392.
- Continuum (Apr 2020); Vol. 26, Issue 2; Update on treatment of acute ischemic stroke; pg. 268-286.
- Continuum (Aug 2022); Vol. 28, Issue 4; Approach to symptom management in multiple sclerosis with a focus on wellness; pg. 1052-1082.
- Continuum (Dec 2021); Vol. 27, Issue 6; Psychosis; pg. 1682-1711.
- Continuum (Dec 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 6; Treatment of Alzheimer disease; pg. 1823-1844.
- Continuum (Feb 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 1; Clinical approach to myelopathy diagnosis; pg. 19.
- Continuum (Feb 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 1; Spinal cord disorders; pg. 73-98.
- Continuum (Feb 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 1; Spinal cord neoplasms; pg. 99-118.
- Continuum (Feb 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 1; Traumatic spinal cord injury; pg. 53-72.
- Continuum (Jun 2023); Vol. 29, Issue 3; Neurologic complications of endocrine disorders; pg. 887-902.
- Continuum (Jun 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 3; Emergent management of intracerebral hemorrhage; pg. 641-661.
- Continuum (Oct 2023); Vol. 29, Issue 5; Chronic immune-mediated demyelinating neuropathies; pg. 1357-1377.
- Continuum (Oct 2023); Vol. 29, Issue 5; Localization and diagnostic evaluation of peripheral nerve disorders; pg. 1312-1326.
- Cureus (Jul 2024); Vol. 16, Issue 7; Psychiatric manifestations of neurological diseases: a narrative review.
- Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2025 (2025); Ch. 26-15: Movement Disorders. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookid=3495&isMissingChapter=true
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (Jan 2021); Vol. 22, Issue 2; Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) and the implications for vestibular schwannoma and meningioma pathogenesis
- Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology (Oct 1989); Vol. 6, Issue 4; Prognostic significance of EEG triphasic waves in patients with altered state of consciousness; pg. 313-319.
- Journal of Clinical Neurology (Jan 2016); Vol. 12, Issue 1; The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune encephalitis; pg. 1-13. https://www.thejcn.com/DOIx.php?id=10.3988/jcn.2016.12.1.1
- Nature Reviews Disease Primers (Jun 2023); Vol. 9, Issue 1; Primary central nervous system lymphoma; pg. 29.
- Practical Neurology (Jun 2022); Vol. 22, Issue 3; Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES): diagnosis and management; pg. 183-189.
- StatPearls (Updated Feb 2023); EEG triphasic waves. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32491611/
- StatPearls (Updated Jan 2024); Argyll Robertson pupil. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537179/
- Stroke (Dec 2024); Vol. 55, Number 12; 2024 guideline for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association; pg. e372.
- Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii Imeni S.S. Korsakova (Jan 2023); Vol. 123, Issue 9; Monomelic amyotrophy; pg. 101-105.
Psychiatry
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 12th ed. (2023); Ch. 41: Disorders of the Nervous System Caused by Alcohol, Drugs, Toxins, and Chemical Agents. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=3313&sectionid=276739490
- American Journal of Psychiatry (Jan 2021); Vol. 178, Issue 1; Harmonizing the neurobiology and treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder; pg. 17-29.
- Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists, 5th ed. (2001); pg. 329-333.
- Current Psychiatry Reports (Jan 2023); Vol. 25, Issue 2; Postpartum psychosis; pg. 65-72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-022-01406-4
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., Text Revision (2022); pg. 162-163.
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., Text Revision (2022); Trauma- and Stress-Related Disorders.
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., Text Revision (2022); Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425787.x09_Somatic_Symptom_and_Related_Disorders
- Essentials of Modern Neuroscience (2020); Ch. 38: Thought Disorders.
- Gabbard’s Textbook of Psychotherapeutic Treatments, 2nd ed. (2023); Ch. 17: Techniques of Individual Supportive Psychotherapy.
- Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st ed. (2022); Ch. 11: Ethical Issues in Clinical Medicine.
- Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 21st ed. (2022); Ch. 436: Tremor, Chorea, and Other Movement Disorders.
- Kaplan and Sadock’s Concise Textbook of Clinical Psychiatry, 5th ed. (2022); Ch. 3.4
- Kaplan and Sadock’s Pocket Handbook of Clinical Psychiatry, 6th ed. (2019):
- Ch. 29; pg. 610
- Ch. 31; pg. 664
- Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry, 12th ed. (2021); Ch. 21: Psychopharmacology
- Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry, 12th ed. (2022):
- Ch. 19
- Ch. 21
- Ch. 22; pg. 729-744
- Ch. 23
- Ch. 28; pg. 836-846
- Ch. 34.1
- Pg. 1,073
- Kaplan and Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 7th ed. (2017); Table 10.2
- Kaufman’s Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists, 8th ed. (2016); pg.286-289
- Kaufman’s Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists, 9th ed. (2023); Ch. 7:
- Massachusetts General Hospital Handbook of General Hospital Psychiatry, 7th ed. (2018); Ch. 14: Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder.
- Medical Principles and Practice (Jun 2020); Vol. 30, Issue 1; Principles of clinical ethics and their application to practice; pg. 17-28.
- Medication Fact Book for Psychiatric Practice, 7th ed. (2024); Antipsychotics; pg. 103
- National Institutes of Health (Updated Apr 2021); Medication treatment for autism. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/treatments/medication-treatment
- Product Monograph (Updated Apr 2020); Zyprexa. https://pi.lilly.com/ca/zyprexa-ca-pm.pdf
- Psychiatric Times (Apr 2023); Vol. 40, Issue 4; Investigating the diagnostic stability of schizophrenia vs schizoaffective disorder.
2025 References
Neurology
- Adams and Victor’s Principles of Neurology, 11th ed. (2019); Ch. 46; pg. 1470
- Advances in Therapy (Mar 2022); Vol. 39, Issue 5; Comparative outcomes of commonly used off-label atypical antipsychotics in the treatment of dementia-related psychosis: A network meta-analysis; pg. 1993-2008. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35247186/
- Aging (Jul 2020); Vol. 12, Issue 14; Cortical atrophy mediates the accumulating effects of vascular risk factors on cognitive decline in the Alzheimer’s disease spectrum; pg. 15058-15076. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7425455/
- Alzheimer’s & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer’s Association (Nov 2018); Vol. 14, Issue 11; Appropriate use criteria for lumbar puncture and cerebrospinal fluid testing in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease; pg. 1505-1521. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30316776/
- American Journal of Neuroradiology (Aug 2007); Vol. 28, Issue 7; Distinct imaging patterns and lesion distribution in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; pg. 1320-1327. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17698535/
- CNS Drugs (Jun 2021); Vol. 35, Issue 6; Pharmacology of cenobamate: Mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, drug-drug interactions and tolerability; pg. 609-618. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33993416/
- Continuum (Jun 2015); Vol. 21, Issue 3; Functional neurologic disorders; pg. 818-837. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26039857/
- Continuum (Aug 2021); Vol. 27, Issue 4; Neurosyphilis; pg. 1018-1039. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34623102/
- Continuum (Oct 2021); Vol. 27, Issue 5; Moderate and severe traumatic brain injury; pg. 1278-1300. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34618760/
- Continuum (Aug 2022); Vol. 28, Issue 4; Treatment of multiple sclerosis; pg. 1025-1051. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35938656/
- Continuum (Oct 2022); Vol. 28, Issue 5; Surgical therapies for Parkinson disease; pg. 1301-1313. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36222766/
- Continuum (Feb 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 1: https://journals.lww.com/continuum/toc/2024/02000
- Infections myelopathies; pg. 133-159.
- Metabolic and toxic myelopathies; pg. 200-201.
- Metabolic and toxic myopathies; pg. 207-208.
- Vascular myelopathies; pg. 160-179.
- Continuum: Headache (Apr 2024); Vol. 30, Issue 2: https://journals.lww.com/continuum/toc/2024/04000
- Acute treatment of migraine; pg. 344-363.
- Medication-overuse headache; pg. 379-390.
- Preventive treatment of migraine; pg. 367-378.
- Cureus (Sep 2018); Vol. 10, Issue 9; Differential diagnosis and treatment of restless legs syndrome: A literature review; pg. 3297. https://www.cureus.com/articles/13971-differential-diagnosis-and-treatment-of-restless-legs-syndrome-a-literature-review
- Georgian Medical News (Apr 2021); Vol. 313; Post-traumatic headache. Current views on pathophysiological mechanisms of development and clinical specifics (review); pg. 60-65. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34103432/
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (Feb 2021); Vol. 18, Issue 4; The hypoglossal nerve stimulation as a novel therapy for treating obstructive sleep apnea-a literature review. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7914469/
- International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (May 2023); Vol. 20, Issue 10; Physical rehabilitation of motor functional neurological disorders: A narrative review. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37239521/
- Journal of Attention Disorders (May 2023); Vol. 27, Issue 7; Functional impairments associated with ADHD in adulthood and the impact of pharmacological treatment; pg. 669-697. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10173356/
- Journal of the Neurologic Sciences (Nov 2007); Vol. 262, Issue 1-2; Carbon monoxide intoxication: An updated review; pg. 122-130. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17720201/
- Mayo Clinic Proceedings (Jul 2021); Vol. 96, Issue 7; The management of restless legs syndrome: An updated algorithm; pg. 1921-1937. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34218864/
- Medicine (Baltimore) (Oct 2023); Vol. 102, Issue 43; Zavegepant nasal spray for acute treatment of migraine: A meta-analysis. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10615551/
- Molecular Neurodegeneration (Nov 2022); Vol. 17, Issue 1; ApoE in Alzheimer’s disease; pg. 72. https://molecularneurodegeneration.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13024-022-00574-4
- Neurology and Therapy (Sep 2022); Vol. 11, Issue 3; Atogepant for the prevention of episodic migraine in adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy and safety; pg. 1235-1252. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35705886/
- Neuroradiology, 2nd ed. (2003); Ch. 8; pg. 398
- Polish Journal of Radiology (Feb 2017); Vol. 82; Various imaging manifestations of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); pg. 64-70. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5310227/
- Radiopaedia (Updated May 2024); Thalamic hemorrhage. https://radiopaedia.org/articles/thalamic-haemorrhage-1?lang=us
- Seizure (Aug 2021); Vol. 90; Update on first unprovoked seizure in children and adults: A narrative review; pg. 28-33. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33840584/
- Sleep Neurology (Aug 2023); Vol. 29, No. 4; REM sleep behavior disorder and other REM parasomnias; pg. 1092-1116. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37590824/
- StatPearls (Updated Apr 2023); Syringomyelia. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537110/
- Stroke (Jun 1995); Vol. 26, No. 6; Thalamic hemorrhage: A prospective study of 100 patients; pg. 964-970. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7762047/
- The Lancet Neurology (Nov 2018); Vol. 17, Issue 11; Comorbidities, treatment, and pathophysiology in restless legs syndrome; pg. 994-1005. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30244828/
- The New England Journal of Medicine (Sep 2011); Vol. 365, Issue 11; Stenting versus aggressive medical therapy for intracranial arterial stenosis; pg. 993-1003. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21899409/
Psychiatry
- Carlat Psychiatry Report (Sep 2023); Vol. 21, Issue 9; A disease-modifying approach to mood conditions; pg. 1-6. https://www.thecarlatreport.com/articles/4477-a-disease-modifying-approach-to-mood-conditions
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR), 5th ed. (2022); Section 2: Somatic Symptom and Related Disorders. https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm
- Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR), 5th ed. (2022); Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders. https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/practice/dsm
- Drugs & Aging (Sep 2020); Vol. 37, Issue 10; Drug-related orthostatic hypotension: Beyond anti-hypertensive medications; pg. 725-738. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32894454/
- DSM-5 Self-Exam Questions: Test Questions for the Diagnostic Criteria (2014); pg. 166-169
- Gabbard’s Textbook of Psychotherapeutic Treatments, 2nd ed. (2023); Ch. 11: Treatment Techniques in Dialectical Behavior Therapy
- General Hospital Handbook of General Hospital Psychiatry, 6th ed. (2010); Ch. 21: Catatonia, Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, and Serotonin Syndrome; pg. 273–277
- Healthy Children (Updated Mar 2023); Complementary & alternative therapies for autism. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/health-issues/conditions/Autism/Pages/complementary-and-alternative-therapies-for-autism-what-parents-need-to-know.aspx
- International Journal of Bipolar Disorders (Jul 2015); Vol. 3; The suicide prevention effect of lithium: More than 20 years of evidence – a narrative review; pg. 15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26183461/
- Intervening Early in Psychosis: A Team Approach, 1st ed. (2019); Ch. 13: Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Early Psychosis; pg. 211-237
- Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry, 11th ed. (2015):
- Ch. 13
- Ch. 25
- Ch. 34
- Ch. 36
- Ch. 37
- Ch. 59
- pg. 1066-1067
- Kaplan & Sadock’s Synopsis of Psychiatry, 12th ed. (2021):
- Ch. 2; Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) Approaches to Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Ch. 4.6: Stimulant-Related Disorders
- Ch. 4.9: Hallucinogen-Related Disorders
- Ch. 12
- Ch. 21.3: Mood Stabilizers; Lithium
- Ch. 27
- Ch. 28
- pg. 338
- pg. 486
- pg. 735-738
- Kaplan and Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 7th ed. (2017):
- 34.14
- 34.7
- Kaufman’s Clinical Neurology for Psychiatrists, 8th ed. (2016):
- 12: Visual Disturbances; pg. 264
- 17; pg. 367
- 18: Involuntary Movement Disorder
- 20: Lumbar Puncture and Imaging Studies
- Osteopathic Family Physician (May-Jun 2017); Vol. 9, Issue 3; Effectiveness of a clinically oriented motivational interviewing training program in increasing skills & changing perspectives; pg. 10-17. https://www.acofp.org/docs/default-source/ofp/vol-9-no-3-(2017)-may-june-2017/effectiveness-of-a-clinically-oriented-motivational-interviewing-training-program-in-increasing-skills-changing-perceptions.pdf?sfvrsn=bc219160_0
- Psychosomatics (Sep-Oct 2020); Vol. 61, Issue 5; Complementary medicine and natural medications in psychiatry: A guide for the consultation-liaison psychiatrist; pg. 508-517. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32460988/
- Seizure (Dec 2022); Vol. 22; Levetiracetam induces severe psychiatric symptoms in people with epilepsy; pg. S1059-S1311. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36535885/
- Stahl’s Essential Psychopharmacology, 5th ed. (2021); pg. 439-440
- The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Psychopharmacology, 5th ed. (2017); Ch. 36: Lithium
- The American Psychiatric Association Publishing Textbook of Psychosomatic Medicine and Consultation-Liaison Psychiatry, 3rd ed. (2019); Ch. 13: Eating Disorders
- Translational Psychiatry (Jul 2022); Vol. 12, Issue 1; Pharmacological treatment strategies for antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35790713/